中国空间探测领域40年发展

中国空间科学学会成立的40年，是中国空间探测逐渐走进世界舞台的40年，空间探测极大推动了空间科学和相邻学科的发展，也影响到经济、军事和日常生活诸多方面.本文简要回顾了从空间探测专业委员会成立的1980年至今，中国空间探测领域的主要发展历程，包括探空火箭、高空气球、科学卫星、月球与行星探测、载人航天空间探测、遥感卫星地面站等主要项目、进展和所取得的成果，对未来若干年空间探测的发展进行了展望.      

重大科研项目的风险管理方法

阐述了科研项目风险及风险管理的概念,分析了重大科研项目风险管理的主要内容,包括风险规划、风险评估、风险处理和风险监控,针对一类科研项目,提出了需要重视的8个关键风险区,并对加强科研项目的风险管理提出了3条具体的措施建议。     

宇航科学文献情报源初析

本文通过对《宇航学报》1981～1988年322篇论文中2466条参考文献的统计分析,得出以下结论,(a)宇航科学的文献情报源重在期刊类文献。(b)以《宇航学报》、《航空学报》、《AIAA,Jourual》等六种期刊类文献为重点文献。(c)中文的引文作者和论文作者相对集中。(d)期刊类文献的半衰期为8～10年。     

用科学发展观构建高职高专学报创新发展之路

胡锦涛同志倡导的科学发展观，不仅对全面实现建设小康社会、构建社会主义和谐社会的宏伟目标有着极其重要的意义，同时，对高职高专学报的创新和发展，也有着非常重要的意义。高职高专学报目前存在着实力不强、质量不高、特色不明、办刊因难的局面，要改变这种状况，就要贯彻落实科学发展观，明确学报的发展方向、本质和核心，发展的基本内涵和基本要求，使高职高专学报在林立的高校学报队伍中真正拥有一席之地。     

科技论文的投稿策略

目的为作者的科技论文写作和成功投稿提供借鉴和帮助；方法以编辑的视角多方面解读影响科技论文投稿命中率的因素；结果从了解并选择所投刊物，撰写科技论文应有的几个注重，投稿时若干注意事项和策略等三方面分析了科技论文的投稿策略；结论论文投稿有技巧和策略可循，但是作者真正应下工夫的地方，不是囿于方法，也不是囿于投稿策略和人际关系，而是要多参加科研实践，掌握素材，勤于笔耕，保证论文的学术价值。     

知识作业的内涵辨析与界定

借鉴泰勒对工作（task）的定义，结合现代认知科学信息加工、问题解决等理论，在分析比较知识作业与操作作业、知识作业与脑力劳动以及知识作业与问题解决的基础上，适应知识经济时代生产率提高的要求，从管理工程与工效、信息加工、问题解决三个角度给出知识作业的内涵，分别为：知识作业是“一连串的动作”，心智操作是知识作业过程的“动素”；知识作业是人脑的信息加工和计算过程，心智操作是知识作业的“算法”；知识作业是根据作业目标所确定的心智操作序列，包括结果的规范化输出。     

投资项目经济评价的意义,方法及程序

经济评价是项目投资风险分析的重要工作。本文阐述了投资项目经济评价的目的，意义，内容及特点，介绍了经济评价的方法及程序；提出了经济评价工作中应注意的事项。     

Online scheduling of distributed Earth observation satellite system under rigid communication constraints

This paper focused on online scheduling of distributed Earth observation satellite system in a dynamic environment. The objective was to maximize the total profit of the overall system by efficiently coordinating the different satellites with stochastic arrival of urgent tasks, subject to rigid communication and observation time window constraints. We formulated this problem as a single-task, single-robot, time-extended assignment problem with intra-schedule dependency using the multi-robot task assignment taxonomy and formulated the sub-problem after releasing urgent tasks in a mixed-integer linear programming model. We first described the online scheduling algorithm for a single satellite, then we proposed the modified consensus-based bundle algorithm (m-CBBA) and modified asynchronous consensus-based bundle algorithm (m-ACBBA) with synchronous and asynchronous communication, respectively. Compared with initial versions of CBBA and ACBBA, the modified versions added the communication loop prediction phases to efficiently utilize scarce communication opportunities and reduce the communication requirements. Additionally, we introduce two contract net protocol (CNP)-based algorithms for comparison, respectively SingleItem-CNP-based (SI-CNP) algorithm and Batch-CNP-based (BA-CNP) algorithm. Computational experiments indicated that both the total profit and percentage of scheduled urgent tasks achieved by the m-ACBBA and m-CBBA algorithms were much higher than those achieved by both SI-CNP and BA-CNP. Additionally, the number of communications needed by either m-ACBBA or m-CBBA algorithm was lower than that by SI-CNP. When the communication cost in the system is high, the m-CBBA algorithm is preferred because it balances the profit and the required number of communications. When the communication cost is low, the m-ACBBA algorithm is preferred because it achieves high total profit and high percentage of scheduled urgent tasks.     

基于实战使用的涡轴发动机空中起动飞行试验

以涡轴发动机实战使用中空中紧急起动相关技术指标和特情处置措施验证为目的,设计了贴近实战使用特征的发动机空中起动试飞方案,并以某涡轴发动机设计定型试飞为依托,进行了不同飞行工况下的飞行试验验证和数据分析研究。结果表明:该空中起动试飞方案合理可行,能够最大程度的贴近部队实战使用的技术特征,满足对发动机起动高度包线、起动时间等研制总要求规定的技术指标验证需求;试飞结果表明该型涡轴发动机4000m以上高度停车至再起动期间直升机平均下滑高度约为670m,平均停车时间约为185s。该试飞方法和数据结果可为部队实战使用过程中空中遭遇停车的紧急处置提供支持和参考。     

Telemetry,telecommand and safety sub-systems for scientific ballooning from Hyderabad

Highly sophisticated balloon-borne scientific payloads have stringent requirement on the telemetry and command system. The development and fabrication of the on-board TT&C package for telemetry, tracking, command, safety and ranging for these experiments is done in-house at the National Balloon Facility (NBF) at Hyderabad. In the last few years, we have made major improvements both in the ground station and the on-board sub-systems, thereby improving the data quality, data handling speed and the general flight control along with aviation safety. The new system has telemetry data rate up to 1 Mbps. A reduction in weight, power and cost of the reengineered on-board integrated package has also lead to the ease of operation during field tests prior to launch and at remote recovery sites. In this paper, we describe the details of the new control package, its flight performance and our plans for portable S-band telemetry and telecommand system to cater to the balloon flights from Antarctic station and long duration balloon flights.